The analysis of four key materials used for disc springs (Belleville washers) based on their properties and application suitability
1.51CrV4: A cost-effective chromium-vanadium alloy steel offering high tensile strength, fatigue resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance. Commonly used in automotive, industrial machinery, and clamping systems but requires surface treatments in corrosive environments.
2.17-7 PH: Precipitation-hardened stainless steel known for excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and fatigue resistance. Used in aerospace, defense, and marine applications due to its ability to perform in harsh and high-temperature conditions.
3.SUS 304: Austenitic stainless steel with outstanding corrosion resistance and good formability. Suitable for food processing, medical applications, and low-load systems where durability in moist or sanitary environments is critical.
4.Inconel 718: A nickel-chromium super-alloy with exceptional strength, heat, and corrosion resistance. Ideal for extreme environments like aerospace engines, turbines, and oil and gas equipment.

Types of Disc Springs
Disc springs are categorized as:
- Standard Disc Springs: For general applications.
- Grooved Disc Springs: With radial grooves for specific needs.
- Trapezoidal Cross-section Disc Springs: Designed for special requirements.

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They are also classified based on their functions:
1. Anti-loosening Springs: Prevent bolt loosening under vibrations.
2. High-temperature Preloaded Springs: Used in flanges, heat exchangers, and other equipment operating at high temperatures.
3. High-torque Preloaded Springs: Designed for heavy loads and high-torque applications, such as clutches and generators.
4. Buffer Tension Springs: Widely used in heavy equipment like brakes, industrial furnaces, and molds.

There are 4 main types of wave springs : Single-turn wave spring, Nested wave spring, Interlaced wave spring, Multi-turn wave spring with shims. Which types do you need?
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https://www.raleigh-springs.com/Wave-Spring
Wave springs find extensive use in a wide range of industries and mechanical systems. In the automotive industry, they are used in transmissions, clutches, and braking systems. In aerospace, they can be found in landing gear mechanisms and various flight control components. They are also utilized in industrial machinery, such as presses, pumps, and valves, to provide reliable and precise force control. Additionally, wave springs are used in electronics, medical devices, and consumer products where space and performance requirements are critical.